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Les troubles cognitifs subtils, difficiles \u00e0 diagnostiquer au moyen des tests neuropsychologiques actuels, pourraient \u00eatre d\u00e9tect\u00e9s gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des indices fins dans notre langage. De nombreuses \u00e9quipes de recherche se sont pench\u00e9es sur cette probl\u00e9matique, sans pour autant utiliser les m\u00eames termes et m\u00e9thodes, freinant ainsi la reproductibilit\u00e9 de leurs \u00e9tudes. Dans un article publi\u00e9 le 9 d\u00e9cembre 2024 dans le Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research<\/em>, une \u00e9quipe interdisciplinaire compos\u00e9e de trois chercheuses du Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, et de Manon Lelandais, ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences en linguistique \u00e0 l\u2019UFR \u00c9tudes anglophones et membre du CLILLAC ARP, propose une terminologie harmonis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4″][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page-type\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22″][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_4″][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage 1920 x 1080″ src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/12\/dlxmedia-hu-ljnwOfYboGc-unsplash.jpg\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ 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header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n Les chercheuses ont analys\u00e9 51 \u00e9tudes sur le sujet qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur les 10 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Leur objectif \u00e9tait d\u2019identifier les \u00ab marqueurs linguistiques \u00bb \u2013 des caract\u00e9ristiques dans la parole qui pourraient diff\u00e9rencier une personne en bonne sant\u00e9 cognitive d\u2019une personne pr\u00e9sentant des troubles subtils (aussi appel\u00e9s troubles neurocognitifs mineurs). Parmi ces \u00e9tudes, la grande majorit\u00e9 portaient sur des maladies li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge et incluaient un nombre r\u00e9duit de participants, souvent moins de 30.<\/p>\n Les r\u00e9sultats sont impressionnants : l\u2019\u00e9quipe de chercheuses a recens\u00e9 384 caract\u00e9ristiques linguistiques distinctes, regroup\u00e9es sous 335 noms diff\u00e9rents. Cela va des pauses d\u2019h\u00e9sitation aux substitutions de mots, en passant par des erreurs syntaxiques. Les chercheuses soulignent donc l\u2019urgence d\u2019harmoniser les m\u00e9thodes d\u2019analyse et les terminologies. Elles proposent des solutions pour am\u00e9liorer la reproductibilit\u00e9 des travaux, notamment en testant la fiabilit\u00e9 des marqueurs linguistiques sur des groupes plus larges et plus diversifi\u00e9s.<\/p>\n Ces travaux ouvrent une nouvelle voie passionnante : utiliser notre parole comme un outil de d\u00e9pistage. \u00c0 l\u2019avenir, des algorithmes ou des outils d\u2019IA pourraient permettre aux professionnels de sant\u00e9 de d\u00e9tecter rapidement les premiers signes de troubles cognitifs, avant m\u00eame qu\u2019ils ne soient visibles dans la vie quotidienne.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4″][et_pb_button admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbbouton – ajouter le lien vers la page\u00a0\u00bb button_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2024_JSLHR-24-00274″ button_text=\u00a0\u00bbLire la publication\u00a0\u00bb button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ custom_button=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb#8a1538″ button_border_width=\u00a0\u00bb2″ button_border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#8a1538″ button_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bb26″ button_icon=\u00a0\u00bb%%20%%\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb button_on_hover=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ custom_css_after=\u00a0\u00bbmargin-left: 0!important;\u00a0\u00bb saved_tabs=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb background_layout__hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb background_layout__hover=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb button_bg_color__hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_bg_color__hover=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_color__hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_icon_color__hover=\u00a0\u00bb#aa004f\u00a0\u00bb button_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_text_color__hover=\u00a0\u00bb#aa004f\u00a0\u00bb custom_css_after__hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb custom_css_after__hover=\u00a0\u00bbmargin-left: 0!important;\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb6px||\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbbutton_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ button_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbbutton_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ button_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbbutton_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px|\u00a0\u00bb prev_background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000″][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22″][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bb\u00c0 lire aussi\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.21″]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_blog posts_number=\u00a0\u00bb4″ include_categories=\u00a0\u00bb13″ show_author=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb show_date=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb show_pagination=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bbpage_type_blog\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.21″ header_level=\u00a0\u00bbh4″ border_width_bottom_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_bottom_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(51,51,51,0.18)\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb||50px|\u00a0\u00bb \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Les troubles cognitifs subtils, difficiles \u00e0 diagnostiquer au moyen des tests neuropsychologiques actuels, pourraient \u00eatre d\u00e9tect\u00e9s gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des indices fins dans notre langage. De nombreuses \u00e9quipes de recherche se sont pench\u00e9es sur cette probl\u00e9matique, sans pour autant utiliser les m\u00eames termes et m\u00e9thodes, freinant ainsi la reproductibilit\u00e9 de leurs \u00e9tudes. Dans un article publi\u00e9… Lire la suite La parole comme fen\u00eatre sur notre cerveau : une avanc\u00e9e dans la d\u00e9tection des troubles cognitifs<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":55311,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[9],"coauthors":[16],"class_list":["post-55299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recherche","tag-accueil"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55299"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55312,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55299\/revisions\/55312"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55299"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=55299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Cependant, toutes ces caract\u00e9ristiques ne sont pas \u00e9quivalentes. Certaines semblent tr\u00e8s utiles pour rep\u00e9rer les troubles cognitifs, tandis que d\u2019autres sont moins fiables. Un probl\u00e8me majeur est le manque d\u2019uniformit\u00e9 dans les termes et les m\u00e9thodes utilis\u00e9s entre les diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes. Cela rend difficile de comparer les r\u00e9sultats ou de tirer des conclusions d\u00e9finitives.<\/p>\n\u00c0<\/span> lire aussi<\/h2>\n