{"id":57297,"date":"2026-03-10T11:37:23","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T10:37:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/?p=57297"},"modified":"2026-03-10T14:37:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T13:37:44","slug":"quest-ce-que-lecole-la-forme-scolaire-de-la-sociologie-historique-aux-sciences-de-leducation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/quest-ce-que-lecole-la-forme-scolaire-de-la-sociologie-historique-aux-sciences-de-leducation\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu’est-ce que l’\u00e9cole ? La \u00ab\u00a0forme scolaire\u00a0\u00bb : de la sociologie historique aux sciences de l’\u00e9ducation"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Francis Lebon est professeur des universit\u00e9s en sciences de l\u2019\u00e9ducation et membre du Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux – Cerlis. Ses recherches portent essentiellement sur les professionnels de l\u2019\u00e9ducation populaire et la division du travail \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole primaire.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage couverture\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/u-paris.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2021\/11\/EnLibrairie-1024×576-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page\u00a0\u00bb \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbPr\u00e9sentation\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ module_id=\u00a0\u00bbcontenu\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px|||\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

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L’\u00e9ducation scolaire est devenue la modalit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dominante de la socialisation. Impuls\u00e9 par Guy Vincent dans la deuxi\u00e8me moiti\u00e9 des ann\u00e9es 1970, le concept de \u00abforme scolaire\u00bb a f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9 des sociologues (lyonnais) de la socialisation et de la scolarisation, d’une part pour penser \u00able p\u00e9dagogique\u00bb qui constitue l’\u00e9cole en tant que telle, d’autre part pour d\u00e9passer les cadres institutionnels \u00e9tablis (\u00e9cole, famille, \u00e9quipements culturels) et leur traduction dans des champs acad\u00e9miques. Ce concept, qui a trouv\u00e9 une cons\u00e9cration en sociologie de l’\u00e9ducation \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1990, d\u00e9signe une forme dominante de socialisation : d’une part un espace-temps sp\u00e9cifique et r\u00e9gl\u00e9 d\u00e9volu \u00e0 l’\u00e9tude, d’autre part un ensemble de dispositions, de pratiques et de repr\u00e9sentations inscrites dans des rapports de pouvoir. Depuis les ann\u00e9es 2000, de nouveaux usages, souvent centr\u00e9s sur les difficult\u00e9s scolaires, permettent d’illustrer la diversit\u00e9 des approches au sein des \u00absciences de l’\u00e9ducation\u00bb qui regroupent d\u00e9sormais la plupart des recherches en sociologie, histoire, didactique et philosophie de l’\u00e9ducation. Certains de ces travaux s’attachent \u00e0 mettre en lumi\u00e8re, en contrepoint, des formes de transmission du capital culturel qui semblent \u00e9chapper \u00e0 l’omnipr\u00e9sence de la \u00abforme scolaire\u00bb. Si ce concept circule davantage, c’est parce qu’il tente de rendre compte du monde scolaire et de ses manifestations dans un contexte d’extension des scolarit\u00e9s et des sciences de l’\u00e9ducation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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